Citric acid (0-12.5 mM; 24 h) shows antiproliferative activity in a dose dependent manner.
Citric acid (12.5 mM; 72 h) induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in a dosedependent manner.
Citric acid (12.5 mM; 48 h) increases the expression of FAS, BAX, BID, AIF, EndoG, cytochrome c, PARP, GADD153, GRP78 and caspase-3, -8, -9, and decreases of BCL-2 and BCL-Xl.
Medlife has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay
Cell Line: |
HaCaT cells |
Concentration: |
0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 mM |
Incubation Time: |
24 h |
Result: |
Inhibited the cell viability in a dose dependent manner. |
Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cell Line: |
HaCaT cells |
Concentration: |
12.5 mM |
Incubation Time: |
0, 12, 24, 48, 72 h |
Result: |
Induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in a dosedependent manner. |
Western Blot Analysis
Cell Line: |
HaCaT cells |
Concentration: |
12.5 mM |
Incubation Time: |
12, 24, 48 h |
Result: |
Increased the expression of FAS, BAX, BID, AIF, EndoG, cytochrome c, PARP, GADD153, GRP78 and caspase-3, -8, -9, and decreased of BCL-2 and BCL-Xl. |