GsMTx4 是一种蜘蛛毒液肽，选择性地抑制属于 Piezo 和 TRP 通道家族的阳离子可渗透的机械敏感性通道 (MSCs)。GsMTx4 还可阻断阳离子选择性的拉伸激活通道 (SAC)，减弱溶血磷脂酰胆碱 (LPC) 诱导的星形胶质细胞毒性和小胶质细胞反应性。GsMTx4 是一种重要的药理学工具，可用于鉴定兴奋性 MSCs 在正常生理学和病理学中的作用。

GsMTx4 is a spider venom peptide that selectively inhibits cationic-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families. GsMTx4 also blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs) , attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglial reactivity. GsMTx4 is an important pharmacological tool for identifying the role of these excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology[1][2][4].

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MSCs[1]

GsMTx4 (5 μM) reduces Piezo1-mediated charge transfer to 38% of its initial levels in HEK293 cells transfected with Piezo1 cDNA[1].
GsMTx4 (5 μM) blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels in astrocytes, cardiac cells, and smooth and skeletal muscle cells[2].
GsMTx4 (2.5 μM, 16 h) significantly diminishes both the leptin-induced AMPK and MLC-2 phosphorylation in breast epithelial cells (MCF10A)[3].
GsMTx4 (500 nM, 48 h) attenuates demyelination induced by the cytotoxic lipid and psychosine (organotypic cerebellar slices)[4].

GsMTx4 (stereotactic injection, 3 μM of 1 μL, a single dose) is neuroprotective and inhibits lysophosphatidylcholine-induced astrocyte toxicity and demyelination in the cerebral cortex[4].
GsMTx-4 (intraperitoneal injection, 270 μg/kg for a single dose) reduces mechanical allodynia induced by inflammation and by sciatic nerve injury in Von Frey test[6].

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GsMTx4 是一种蜘蛛毒液肽，选择性地抑制属于 Piezo 和 TRP 通道家族的阳离子可渗透的机械敏感性通道 (MSCs)。GsMTx4 还可阻断阳离子选择性的拉伸激活通道 (SAC)，减弱溶血磷脂酰胆碱 (LPC) 诱导的星形胶质细胞毒性和小胶质细胞反应性。GsMTx4 是一种重要的药理学工具，可用于鉴定兴奋性 MSCs 在正常生理学和病理学中的作用。

[1]. Gnanasambandam R, et al. GsMTx4: Mechanism of Inhibiting Mechanosensitive Ion Channels. Biophys J. 2017 Jan 10;112(1):31-45.
[2]. T M Suchyna, et al. Identification of a peptide toxin from Grammostola spatulata spider venom that blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels. J Gen Physiol. 2000 May;115(5):583-98. [Content Brief]
[3]. Anna Acheva, et al. Adipokine Leptin Co-operates With Mechanosensitive Ca 2 +-Channels and Triggers Actomyosin-Mediated Motility of Breast Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Jan 6;8:607038. [Content Brief]
[4]. María Velasco-Estevez, et al. Inhibition of Piezo1 attenuates demyelination in the central nervous system. Glia. 2020 Feb;68(2):356-375. [Content Brief]
[5]. Medha M Pathak, et al. Stretch-activated ion channel Piezo1 directs lineage choice in human neural stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Nov 11;111(45):16148-53. [Content Brief]
[6]. Seung Pyo Park, et al. A tarantula spider toxin, GsMTx4, reduces mechanical and neuropathic pain. Pain. 2008 Jul;137(1):208-217. [Content Brief]