Amustaline (S-303) dihydrochloride，一种靶向核酸的烷基化剂，是有效的病原体灭活剂，可用于含有红细胞的血液成分。Amustaline dihydrochloride 具有三个组成部分：吖啶固定物 (非共价靶向核酸的嵌入剂)，效应子 (与亲核试剂反应的双烷基基团) 和连接子 (细的柔性碳链，其中含有不稳定的酯键，在中性 pH 下水解产生非反应性分解产物)。

Amustaline (S-303) dihydrochloride, a nucleic acid-targeted alkylator, is an efficient pathogen inactivation agent for blood components containing red blood cells. Amustaline dihydrochloride has three components: an acridine anchor (an intercalator that targets nucleic acids non-covalently), an effector (a bis-alkylator group that reacts with nucleophiles), and a linker (a small flexible carbon chain containing a labile ester bond that hydrolyzes at neutral pH to yield non-reactive breakdown products).

Solid

S‐303 (200 μM; 20 h) and glutathione (GSH; 20 mM) inactivates high titres of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in red blood cells (RBCs).
S-303 (200 μM; 20 h) and GSH (2 mM) inactivates >6.5 logs of HIV, >5.7 logs of Bluetongue virus, >7.0 logs of Yersinia enterocolitica , 4.2 logs of Serratia marcescens , and 7.5 logs of Staphylococcus epidermidis in whole blood experiments .
S-303 (200 μM; 20 h) and GSH (20 mM) inactivates approximately 5 logs or greater of Y. enterocolitica , E. coli , S. marcescens , S. aureus , HIV, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bluetongue virus and human adenovirus 5 in RBC.
S-303 (200 μM; 20 h) retains in vitro parameters of RBC function and physiology (including total ATP, extracellular potassium, hemolysis, glucose consumption, lactate production, and pH at 37 °C) compared to conventional RBC.

S‐303 RBCs (a single transfusion) is well tolerated in rats (50 μmol/kg) and dogs (70 μmol/kg).
S‐303 RBCs (repeated transfusions) is well tolerated in rats (10 μmol/kg) and dogs (10 μmol/kg) with no histopathologic evidence of organ toxicity. has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

4°C, sealed storage, away from moistur In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

[1]. Aubry M, et, al. Amustaline (S-303) treatment inactivates high levels of Chikungunya virus in red-blood-cell components. Vox Sang. 2018 Apr;113(3):232-241.
[2]. Mufti NA, et, al. Treatment of whole blood (WB) and red blood cells (RBC) with S-303 inactivates pathogens and retains in vitro quality of stored RBC. Biologicals. 2010 Jan;38(1):14-9.