BMS-299897 shows dose- and time-dependent reductions of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) in brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma in young transgenic mice, with a correlation between brain and CSF Aβ levels. BMS-299897 reduces both brain and plasma Aβ1-40 in APP-YAC mice and increases brain concentrations of APPcarboxy-terminal fragments, consistent with γ-secretase inhibition. BMS-299897, attenuates this Aβ25-35-induced Aβ1-42 seeding and toxicity. BMS-299897 is administered at 0.1-1 nmol/mouse, concomittantly with Aβ25-35 (9 nmol) in male Swiss mice. After one week, the contents in Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40, and the levels in lipid peroxidation are analyzed in the mouse hippocampus. Mice are submitted to spontaneous alternation, passive avoidance and object recognition to analyze their short- and long-term memory abilities. Aβ25-35 increases Aβ1-42 content (+240%) but fails to affect Aβ1-40. BMS-299897 blocks the increase in Aβ1-42 content and decreased Aβ1-40 levels significantly. The compound does not affect Aβ25-35-induced increase in hippocampal lipid peroxidation. Behaviorally, BMS-299897 blocks the Aβ25-35-induced deficits in spontaneous alternation or novel object recognition, using a 1 h intertrial time interval. The co-administration of the γ-secretase inhibitor BMS-299897, in the 0.1-1 μmol/mouse dose-range, completely blocks the Aβ25-35-induced increase in Aβ1-42 content.
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