Tizoxanide (TIZ) is the active metabolite of Nitazoxanide, which is a thiazolide anti-infective compound against anaerobic bacteria, protozoa, and a range of viruses. Tizoxanide (TIZ) has anti-HIV-1 activities and potent inhibition of both HBV and HCV replication with values EC50 of 0.46μM and 0.15 μM, respectively. Tizoxanide also exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing of the activation of the NF-κB and the MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-treated macrophage cells.
性状
Solid
IC50 & Target[1][2]
Tizoxanide (TIZ) has potent inhibition of both HBV and HCV replication with values EC50 of 0.46μM and 0.15 μM, respectively.
体外研究(In Vitro)
Tizoxanide (TIZ) induces mild mitochondrial uncoupling and activate AMPK in hepatocytes.
Tizoxanide (TIZ) inhibits hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in HCV replicon systems.
Medlife has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay
Cell Line:
HepG2 cells
Concentration:
1-25 μmol/L
Incubation Time:
24 h
Result:
Induced mitochondrial uncoupling and AMPK activation not due to the non-specific cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells at concentrations less than 25 μmol/L.
Immunofluorescence
Cell Line:
HepG2 cells
Concentration:
10 μmol/L
Incubation Time:
24 h
Result:
Promoted the nuclear translocation of TFEB by activating AMPK in HepG2 cells.
RT-PCR
Cell Line:
HepG2 cells
Concentration:
1-25 μmol/L
Incubation Time:
24 h
Result:
Induced the increase transcription of SQSTM1/P62 in HepG2 cells.
Western Blot Analysis
Cell Line:
HepG2 cells
Concentration:
1-25 μmol/L
Incubation Time:
24 h
Result:
Activated AMPK and increased phosphorylation of ACC in HepG2 cells.
Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cell Line:
RP7 cells, NTZ-11 and TIZ-9 cell lines
Concentration:
The initial drug concentration was 0.02 μM, followed by 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM, and subsequent weekly increases of 1 μM until a final concentration of 11 μM.
Incubation Time:
3 days
Result:
Againsted HCV replication in RP7 cells (IC50: 0.16), NTZ-11 (IC50:1.2) and TIZ-9 cell lines (IC50: 1.5)
体内研究(In Vivo)
Tizoxanide (TIZ) (10 mg/kg; i.v.) can pass the BBB and distribute to the brain tissue. Tizoxanide retains in brain is obviously longer than that in plasma.
Medlife has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
Sprague Dawley rats
Dosage:
10 mg/kg
Administration:
Tizoxanide (10 mg/kg; i.v.)
Result:
Could pass the BBB and distribute to the brain tissue.